Note for Operating Systems - OS by SAROJ KANTA MISRA

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Lecture Notes On Operating System Saroj Kanta Misra Assistant Professor Department of Computer Science & Engineering Silicon Institute of Technology Sambalpur-768 200, Odisha, India

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Contents List of Figures i List of Tables iii 1 1 1 1 3 5 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 12 15 15 16 18 19 Introduction to Operating System 1.0.1 What is an Operating System . . 1.0.2 Computer System Components 1.1 Different Types of Operating System . . 1.2 Operating System Structure . . . . . . . 1.2.1 Operating System Services . . . 1.2.2 System Call . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.3 Protection System . . . . . . . 1.3 PROCESS MANAGEMENT: . . . . . . 1.3.1 Process State . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.2 Context Switch: . . . . . . . . 1.3.3 Operation on Processes . . . . . 1.3.4 Interprocess Communication . . 1.4 Process Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.1 Scheduling Queues . . . . . . . 1.4.2 Types of Schedulers . . . . . . 1.4.3 Scheduling Criteria . . . . . . . 1.4.4 Scheduling Algorithms . . . . . i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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List of Figures 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 Components of a Computer System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Examples of Windows and Unix System Calls . . . . . . . . . . . Process Control Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Process State Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CPU Switch From Process to Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Process Creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communications models, (a) Message passing, (b) Shared memory Queueing-diagram representation of process scheduling. . . . . . Comparison between Scheduler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medium Term Scheduling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multilevel queue scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multilevel Feedback queue scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 8 9 9 10 11 12 16 17 17 23 23

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List of Tables 1.1 Some POSIX system calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii 7