Note for Data Communication and Computer Network - DCCN By vtu rangers

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DATA COMMUNICATION [As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme] (Effective from the academic year 2016 -2017) SEMESTER – IV Subject Code Number of Lecture Hours/Week Total Number of Lecture Hours 15CS46 04 50 CREDITS – 04 Course objectives: This course will enable students to        IA Marks 20 Exam Marks Exam Hours 80 03     Comprehend the transmission technique of digital data between two or more computers and a computer network that allows computers to exchange data.  Explain with the basics of data communication and various types of computer networks;  Illustrate TCP/IP protocol suite and switching criteria.  Demonstrate Medium Access Control protocols for reliable and noisy channels.  Expose wireless and wired LANs along with IP version.      Illustrate basic computer network technology.  Identify the different types of network topologies and protocols.  Enumerate the layers of the OSI model and TCP/IP functions of each layer.  Make out the different types of network devices and their functions within a network Contents Module 1 Introduction: Data Communications, Networks, Network Types, Internet History, Standards and Administration, Networks Models: Protocol Layering, TCP/IP Protocol suite, The OSI model, Introduction to Physical Layer-1: Data and Signals, Digital Signals, Transmission Impairment, Data Rate limits, Performance, Digital Transmission: Digital to digital conversion (Only Line coding: Polar, Bipolar and Manchester coding). Teaching Hours 10 Hours Module 2 Physical Layer-2: Analog to digital conversion (only PCM), Transmission Modes, Analog Transmission: Digital to analog conversion, Bandwidth Utilization: Multiplexing and Spread Spectrum, Switching: Introduction, Circuit Switched Networks and Packet switching. Module 3 Error Detection and Correction: Introduction, Block coding, Cyclic codes, Checksum, Forward error correction, Data link control: DLC services, Data link layer protocols, HDLC, and Point to Point protocol (Framing, Transition phases only). Module 4 Media Access control: Random Access, Controlled Access and Channelization, Wired LANs Ethernet: Ethernet Protocol, Standard Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, Wireless LANs: Introduction, IEEE 802.11 Project and Bluetooth. Module 5 Other wireless Networks: WIMAX, Cellular Telephony, Satellite networks, Network layer Protocols : Internet Protocol, ICMPv4,Mobile IP, Next generation IP: IPv6 addressing, The IPv6 Protocol, The ICMPv6 Protocol and Transition from IPv4 to IPv6. Dept of ISE,CITECH 10 Hours 10 Hours 10 Hours 10 Hours 1

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Course Outcomes: The students should be able to:  Illustrate basic computer network technology.    Identify the different types of network topologies and protocols.    Enumerate the layers of the OSI model and TCP/IP functions of each layer.    Make out the different types of network devices and their functions within a network   Demonstrate the skills of subnetting and routing mechanisms.  Graduate Attributes 1. Engineering Knowledge 2. Design Development of solution(Partly) 3. Modern Tool Usage 4. Problem Analysis 10904383 Question paper pattern: The question paper will have ten questions. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each question will have questions covering all the topics under a module. The students will have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module. Text Book: Behrouz A. Forouzan, Data Communications and Networking 5E, 5th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2013. (Chapters 1.1 to 1.5, 2.1 to 2.3, 3.1, 3.3 to 3.6, 4.1 to 4.3, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1 to 8.3, 10.1 to 10.5, 11.1 to 11.4, 12.1 to 12.3, 13.1 to 13.5, 15.1 to 15.3, 16.1 to 16.3, 19.1 to 19.3, 22.1 to 22.4) Reference Books: 1. Alberto Leon-Garcia and Indra Widjaja: Communication Networks - Fundamental Concepts and Key architectures, 2nd Edition Tata McGraw-Hill, 2004. 2. William Stallings: Data and Computer Communication, 8th Edition, Pearson Education, 2007. 3. Larry L. Peterson and Bruce S. Davie: Computer Networks – A Systems Approach, 4th Edition, Elsevier, 2007. 4. Nader F. Mir: Computer and Communication Networks, Pearson Education, 2007 Dept of ISE,CITECH 2

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Data Communications(15CS46) MODULE 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 DATA COMMUNICATIONS Data communications are the exchange of data between two devices via some form of transmission medium such as a wire cable. For data communications to occur, the communicating devices must be part of a communication system made up of a combination of hardware (physical equipment) and software (programs). The effectiveness of a data communications system depends on four fundamental characteristics: delivery, accuracy, timeliness, and jitter. 1. Delivery. The system must deliver data to the correct destination. Data must be received by the intended device or user and only by that device or user. 2. Accuracy. The system must deliver the data accurately. Data that have been altered in transmission and left uncorrected are unusable. 3. Timeliness. The system must deliver data in a timely manner. Data delivered late are useless. In the case of video and audio, timely delivery means delivering data as they are produced, in the same order that they are produced, and without significant delay. This kind of delivery is called real-time transmission. 4. Jitter. Jitter refers to the variation in the packet arrival time. It is the uneven delay in the delivery of audio or video packets. For example, let us assume that video packets are sent every 30 ms. If some of the packets arrive with 30-ms delay and others with 40-ms delay, an uneven quality in the video is the result. Components A data communications system has five components: 1.Message. The message is the information (data) to be communicated. Popular forms of information include text,numbers, pictures, audio, and video. 2. Sender. The sender is the device that sends the data message.It can be a computer,workstation, telephone handset, video camera, and so on. 3. Receiver. The receiver is the device that receives the message. It can be a computer,workstation, telephone handset, television, and so on. 4. Transmission medium. The transmission medium is the physical path by which a message travels from sender to receiver. Some examples of transmission media include twisted-pair Dept of ISE,CITECH 3

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Data Communications(15CS46) wire,coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable, and radio waves. 5. Protocol. A protocol is a set of rules that govern data communications. It represents an agreement between the communicating devices. Without a protocol, two devices may be connected but not communicating. Data Representation Information today comes in different forms such as text, numbers, images, audio, and video. Text In data communications, text is represented as a bit pattern, a sequence of bits (0s or 1s).Different sets of bit patterns have been designed to represent text symbols. Each set is called a code, and the process of representing symbols is called coding. Today, the prevalent coding system is called Unicode, which uses 32 bits to represent a symbol or character used in any language in the world. Numbers Numbers are also represented by bit patterns.However, a code such as ASCII is not used to represent numbers; the number is directly converted to a binary number to simplify mathematical operations. Images Images are also represented by bit patterns. In its simplest form, an image is composed of a matrix of pixels (picture elements), where each pixel is a small dot. The size of the pixel depends on the resolution. For example, an image can be divided into 1000 pixels or 10,000 pixels. In the second case, there is a better representation of the image (better resolution), but more memory is needed to store the image. After an image is divided into pixels, each pixel is assigned a bit pattern. The size and the value of the pattern depend on the image. For an image made of only black- and-white dots (e.g.,a chessboard), a 1-bit pattern is enough to represent a pixel. There are several methods to represent color images. One method is called RGB, so called because each color is made of a combination of three primary colors: red, green, and blue. Audio Audio refers to the recording or broadcasting of sound or music. Audio is by nature different from text, numbers, or images. It is continuous, not discrete. Even when we use a microphone to change voice or music to an electric signal, we create a continuous signal. Video Video refers to the recording or broadcasting of a picture or movie. Video can either be produced as a continuous entity (e.g., by a TV camera), or it can be a combination of images, each a discrete entity, arranged to convey the idea of motion. Data Flow Communication between two devices can be simplex, half-duplex, or full-duplex as shown in Dept of ISE,CITECH 4