Note for Engineering Chemistry - EC By issu issu

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www.alljntuworld.in JNTU World ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY FIRST SEMESTER UNIT – I ld Molecular Mass, Equivalent Mass, Acids and Bases and Chemical Bonding TU W or 1.1 MOLECULAR MASS 4 Hrs Molecule- Molecular formula- Molecular Mass- Mole- Definition-Simple calculations- Avogadro's Hypothesis- Application- Relationship between Molecular Mass and Vapour Density. Gram Molecular VolumeDefinition- Avogadro's Number-Definition- Simple Problems. 1.2 EQUIVALENT MASS 2 Hrs Equivalent Mass & Gram Equivalent Mass- Definition- Determination of Equivalent Mass by Oxide Method (Direct Method)- Simple Problems. 1.3 ACIDS AND BASES 5 Hrs Theories of Acids and bases-Arrhenius Theory - Lowry- Bronsted Theory - Lewis theory - Advantages of Lewis theory. Definition of pH & pOH. Numerical problems – Indicators - Definition –Acid-Base concept of Indicators (Basic ideas) - Buffer solution- definition-types and examples. Application of pH in industries- Electronic Concept of Oxidation and Reduction- Definition- Example. 1.4 CHEMICAL BONDING 3 Hrs Definition-Ionic bonding-Formation of NaCl - Covalent bondingformation of NH3 – Coordinate bonding- formation of NH4+ ion - Metallic bonding - Electron sea model. JN UNIT-II SOLUTION, TECHNOLOGY OF WATER AND SOLID STATE 2.1 SOLUTION 4 Hrs Definition- Methods of Expressing Concentration of a Solution: Molarity, Molality, Normality, Mole fraction, Percentage, Mass- Simple Problems. 2.2 TECHNOLOGY OF WATER 7 Hrs Sources-depletion of underground water-reasons-rainwater harvesting. iv JNTU World

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www.alljntuworld.in JNTU World ld (Basic ideas)-advantages-hard and soft water-carbonate, non carbonate hardness-methods of expressing hardness-mg/lit, ppmsimple problems-Estimation of total hardness by EDTA methodproblems involving total, carbonate, non-carbonate hardness in ppmsoftening of hard water ion- Exchange method, Reverse Osmosis method -standards of drinking water-Municipal water supply-purification (sedimentation, filtration and sterilization)-Disadvantages of hard water in boilers -Scale formation, Corrosion of boiler metal, Caustic Embrittlement - Priming and Foaming. or 2.3 SOLID STATE 3 Hrs Structure of Solids- Definition and examples for ionic, Molecular, Covalent and Metallic solids- Unit cell- bcc, fcc and hcp packing of metals –examples and properties reflected by the packing of atoms. (no numerical problems) W UNIT III COLLOIDS, NANO PARTICLES AND PHOTO CHEMISTRY TU 3.1 COLLOIDS 5Hrs Definition- sols-True solution and Colloidal solution- differences-TypesLyophilic & Lyophobic sols- Differences.- Properties- Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, Electrophoresis, Coagulation – Industrial applications- Smoke Precipitation - Cottrell's method, Purification of water, Cleaning action of soap, tanning of leather and sewage disposal 3.2 NANO PARTICLES 2Hrs Definition- Area of application - Medicine, Electronics and biomaterials. JN 3.3 PHOTOCHEMISTRY 7Hrs Introduction-Important terms- charge transfer, electronic energy migration, emission, Excited state, Frequency, Ground state, Fluorescence, Phosphorescence, Chemiluminescence - photo electric cell- photo emission cell- photo synthesis-general chemical reactionschlorophyll and accessory pigents - Mechanism of light reactions-Dark reaction-photosynthesis and acid rain. v JNTU World

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www.alljntuworld.in JNTU World UNIT - IV ELECTRO CHEMISTRY, CELL AND BATTERIES ld 4.1 ELECTRO CHEMISTRY 5Hrs Electrolytes- Strong and weak electrolytes-Definition- examples. Electrolysis- Definition- Mechanism- Industrial applications of electrolysis –electro-plating -Preparation of surface- factors affecting the stability of the coating - Chrome plating - electro less plating.- Definitionadvantages over electroplating- applications. or 4.2 CELL 4Hrs Electro chemical cell- Single electrode potential- Galvanic cellFormation - Daniel cell. Electrochemical series- Concentration Cell. W 4.3 STORAGE BATTERIES 5Hrs Primary, Secondary and fuel batteries. Primary battery -definition and example - Dry cell- construction and working. Secondary battery – definition- example- Lead acid storage cell -construction and working. Nickel/Cadmium battery – construction and working. Fuel cell- definition example H2/O2 fuel cell [green fuel cell] - solar cells. UNIT V CORROSION ENGINEERING TU 5.1 CORROSION 4 Hrs Definition- types - Theories of corrosion- Galvanic cell Formation theoryDifferential aeration theory. - Factors influencing rate of corrosion. JN 5.2 METHODS OF PREVENTION OF CORROSION 5 Hrs Control of Environment, Alloying, Surface coating- Metal coatingElectroplating, Galvanization and Tinning- Inorganic coating- Anodizing and Phosphating- Cathodic protection Sacrificial anode and Impressed voltage methods. 5.2 ORGANIC COATING 5 Hrs Paints-definition- components of paints and their functions- VarnishDefinition-types-Preparation of oil varnish-Difference between paint & varnish-Special paints- Luminescent, heat resistant, fire retardant, Antifouling paints - cement paint, aluminium paint & distemper. Dyes-Acid dyes-basic dyes -Mordant dyes -Definition only (No equations) vi JNTU World

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www.alljntuworld.in JNTU World SECOND SEMESTER UNIT I ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY ld 1.1 AIR POLLUTION 4 Hrs Definition- Pollutants (SO2, H2S, HF, CO, Dust) -harmful effects -Acid rain – formation - Harmful effects-Green House effect- causes- Global Warming - Harmful effects - Ozone layer- importance - causes for depletion of Ozone layer (No equations)- effects of Ozone layer depletion -Control of air Pollution. W or 1.2 WATER POLLUTION 4 Hrs Causes – (Sewage, effluents, algae microorganisms)- Harmful effects, sewerage - Industrial effluents- harmful effects of heavy metal ions (metals like Lead, Cadmium, Zinc and Copper) – treatment – Eutrophication - Definition and effects – Carcinogenic wastes, pesticides, Insecticides - Health problems. 1.3 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 2 Hrs Solid wastes-definition-problems-types of wastes- methods of disposal (land fill-incineration) - recycling –advantages of recycling (Basic ideas) 1.4 GREEN CHEMISTRY 1 Hrs Definition- Goals of green Chemistry (Basic ideas). TU UNIT - II FUELS, ROCKET PROPELLANTS AND COMBUSTION JN 2.1 FUELS 6 Hrs Definition-Calorific value- classification, solid fuels-wood-coal -varieties of coal-composition-specific uses-liquid fuels-petroleum-fractional distillation -Fractions and uses, Cracking (concept only). Liquid Hydrogen as fuel- gaseous fuels-preparation and specific uses of producer gas, water gas, biogas-LPG- composition and uses. Advantages of gaseous fuels. 2.2 ROCKET PROPELLANTS 2Hrs Definition- Essential characteristics- classifications of propellants-brief account of solid & liquid propellants with example. vii JNTU World