Note for Network Analysis - NA By vtu rangers

Topics ( 17 )

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NETWORK ANALYSIS (15EC34) Syllabus:Module -1 Basic Concepts: Practical sources, Source transformations, Network reduction using Star – Delta transformation, Loop and node analysis With linearly dependent and independent sources for DC and AC networks, Concepts of super node and super mesh. Module -2 Network Theorems: Superposition, Reciprocity, Millman‘s theorems, Thevinin‘s and Norton‘s theorems, Maximum Power transfer theorem and Millers Theorem. Module -3 Transient behavior and initial conditions: Behavior of circuit elements under switching condition and their Representation, evaluation of initial and final conditions in RL, RC and RLC circuits for AC and DC excitations. Laplace Transformation & Applications: Solution of networks, step, ramp and impulse responses, waveform Synthesis. Module -4 Resonant Circuits: Series and parallel resonance, frequency- response of series and Parallel circuits, Q–Factor, Bandwidth. Module -5 Two port network parameters: Definition of z, y, h and transmission parameters, modeling with these parameters, relationship between parameters sets. 1

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Text Books: 1. M.E. Van Valkenberg (2000), “Network analysis”, Prentice Hall of India, 3rd edition, 2000, ISBN: 9780136110958. 2. Roy Choudhury, “Networks and systems”, 2nd edition, New Age International Publications, 2006, ISBN: 9788122427677. Reference Books: 1. Hayt, Kemmerly and Durbin “Engineering Circuit Analysis”, TMH 7th Edition, 2010. 2. J. David Irwin /R. Mark Nelms, “Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis”, John Wiley, 8th edition, 2006. 3. Charles K Alexander and Mathew N O Sadiku, “Fundamentals of Electric Circuits”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 3rd Ed, 2009. 2

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Module 1: Basic Circuit Concepts Network: Any interconnection of network or circuit elements (R, L, C, Voltage and Current sources). Circuit: Interconnection of network or circuit elements in such a way that a closed path is formed and an electric current flows in it. Active Circuit elements deliver the energy to the network (Voltage and Current sources) Passive Circuit elements absorb the energy from the network (R, L and C). Active elements: Ideal Voltage Source is that energy source whose terminal voltage remains constant regardless of the value of the terminal current that flows. Fig.1a shows the representation of Ideal voltage source and Fig.1b, it’s V-I characteristics. a b Fig.1a: Ideal Voltage source Representation Fig. 1b: V-I characteristics Practical Voltage source: is that energy source whose terminal voltage decreases with the increase in the current that flows through it. The practical voltage source is represented by an ideal voltage source and a series resistance called internal resistance. It is because of this resistance there will be potential drop within the source and with the increase in terminal current or load current, the drop across resistor increases, thus 3

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reducing the terminal voltage. Fig.2a shows the representation of practical voltage source and Fig.2b, it’s V-I characteristics. a b Fig. 2a: Practical Current Source Fig. 2b: V-I characteristics Here, i1 = i - v1/R …… (2) Dependent or Controlled Sources: These are the sources whose voltage/current depends on voltage or current that appears at some other location of the network. We may observe 4 types of dependent sources. i) Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (VCVS) ii) Voltage Controlled Current Source (VCCS) iii) Current Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS) iv) Current Controlled Current Source (CCCS) Fig.3a, 3b, 3c and 3d represent the above sources in the same order as listed. v=kv c Fig. 3 a) VCVS v=ki b) VCCS c) CCVS i=k i c c d) CCCS 4