Note for VLSI Design - VLSI By Manukonda akshay kumar
- VLSI Design - VLSI
- Note
- Malla Reddy Engineering College - MREC
- Electronics and Communication Engineering
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VLSI DESIGN LECTURE NOTES B.TECH (IV YEAR – I SEM) (2018-19) Prepared by Dr. V.M. Senthilkumar, Professor/ECE & Ms.M.Anusha, AP/ECE Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering MALLA REDDYCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY (Autonomous Institution – UGC, Govt. of India) Recognized under 2(f) and 12 (B) of UGC ACT 1956 (Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad, Approved by AICTE - Accredited by NBA & NAAC – ‘A’ Grade - ISO 9001:2015 Certified) Maisammaguda, Dhulapally(Post Via. Kompally), Secunderabad – 500100, Telangana State, India
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Unit -1 IC Technologies, MOS & Bi CMOS Circuits
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Unit -1 IC Technologies, MOS & Bi CMOS Circuits UNIT-I IC Technologies Introduction MOS PMOS Basic Electrical Properties of MOS and BiCMOS Circuits IDS - VDS relationships MOS transistor Threshold Voltage - VT figure of NMOS CMOS & BiCMOS Technologies merit-ω0 Transconductance-gm, gds; Pass transistor NMOS Inverter, Various pull ups, CMOS Inverter analysis and design Bi-CMOS Inverters
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Unit -1 IC Technologies, MOS & Bi CMOS Circuits INTRODUCTION TO IC TECHNOLOGY The development of electronics endless with invention of vaccum tubes and associated electronic circuits. This activity termed as vaccum tube electronics, afterward the evolution of solid state devices and consequent development of integrated circuits are responsible for the present status of communication, computing and instrumentation. • The first vaccum tube diode was invented by john ambrase Fleming in 1904. • The vaccum triode was invented by lee de forest in 1906. Early developments of the Integrated Circuit (IC) go back to 1949. German engineer Werner Jacobi filed a patent for an IC like semiconductor amplifying device showing five transistors on a common substrate in a 2-stage amplifier arrangement. Jacobi disclosed small cheap of hearing aids. Integrated circuits were made possible by experimental discoveries which showed that semiconductor devices could perform the functions of vacuum tubes and by mid-20th-century technology advancements in semiconductor device fabrication. The integration of large numbers of tiny transistors into a small chip was an enormous improvement over the manual assembly of circuits using electronic components. The integrated circuits mass production capability, reliability, and building-block approach to circuit design ensured the rapid adoption of standardized ICs in place of designs using discrete transistors. An integrated circuit (IC) is a small semiconductor-based electronic device consisting of fabricated transistors, resistors and capacitors. Integrated circuits are the building blocks of most electronic devices and equipment. An integrated circuit is also known as a chip or microchip. There are two main advantages of ICs over discrete circuits: cost and performance. Cost is low because the chips, with all their components, are printed as a unit by photolithography rather than being constructed one transistor at a time. Furthermore, much less material is used to construct a packaged IC die than a discrete circuit. Performance is high since the components switch quickly and consume little power (compared to their discrete counterparts) because the components are small and positioned close together. As of 2006, chip areas range from a few square millimeters to around 350 mm2, with up to 1 million transistors per mm
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