Note for Basics of Mechanical Engineering - BME By K.Sagar Minz
- Basics of Mechanical Engineering - BME
- Note
- 16 Views
- Uploaded 1 year ago
Text from page-1
BASIC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2-0-0 For 1st Semester Code (RBM1B001) For 2 nd Semester Code (RBM2B001) MODULE-I (8 classes) Thermodynamics: Systems, Properties, Process, State, Cycle, Internal energy, Enthalpy, Zeroth Law, First law and Second Law of Thermodynamics, Basic Concept of Entropy, Properties of ideal gas., Properties of pure substances, Steam formation, Types of Steam, Enthalpy, Specific volume, Internal energy and dryness fraction of steam, use of Steam tables. Related numericals. MODULE-II (6 classes) Application of Thermodynamics: Air compressors, Steam Power Plant, Refrigerators and Heat pump, I.C. Engines (Brief Description of different components of above mentioned systems and working principles with Schematic diagram only) MODULE-III (5 Classes) Basic Power transmission devices: Belt, Rope, Gear drives.Coupling, clutch, brakes. (Working principle only) Introduction to Robotics: Robot anatomy, joints and links and common robot configurations MODULE-IV (5 Classes) Mechanical Measurements: Temperature, pressure, velocity, flow, strain, force, torque measurements. (Working principle only). Text books i. Basic Mechanical Engineering by Pravin Kumar, Pearson ii. Basic Mechanical Engineering by A R Israni, P K Shah, BS Publications iii. Text book of Elements of Mechanical Engineering, S T Murthy, Universities press iv. Basic and applied Thermodynamics by P. K. Nag, Tata McGraw Hill Reference books i. Basic Mechanical Engineering by .D. Mishra, P.K Parida, S.S.Sahoo, India Tech Publishing company ii. Elements of Mechanical Engineering by J K Kittur and G D Gokak, Willey iii. Basic Mechanical Engineering by BasantAgrawal, C M Agrawal, Willey iv. Engineering Thermodynamics by P. Chattopadhaya, Oxford University Press
Text from page-2
MODULE-I (8 classes) Thermodynamics: Systems, Properties, Process, State, Cycle, Internal energy, Enthalpy, Zeroth Law, First law and Second Law of Thermodynamics, Basic Concept of Entropy, Properties of ideal gas., Properties of pure substances, Steam formation, Types of Steam, Enthalpy, Specific volume, Internal energy and dryness fraction of steam, use of Steam tables. Related numericals. Thermodynamics: Thermodynamics is the science that deals with the conversion of heat into mechanical energy. It is based upon observations of common experience, which have been formulated into thermodynamic laws. These laws govern the principles of energy conversion. The applications of the thermodynamic laws and principles are found in all fields of energy technology, notably in steam and nuclear power plants, internal combustion engines, gas turbines, air conditioning, refrigeration, gas dynamics, jet propulsion, compressors, chemical process plants, and direct energy conversion devices. Laws of Thermodynamics: Generally thermodynamics contains four laws; Zeroth law: d eals with thermal equilibrium and establishes a concept of temperature. The First law: t hrows light on concept of internal energy. The Second law: indicates the limit of converting heat into work and introduces the principle of increase of entropy. Third law: defines the absolute zero of entropy. System: System is the fixed quantity of matter and/or the region that can be separated from everything else by a well-defined boundary/surface. Thermodynamic system is the system on which thermodynamic investigation is done. The surface separating the system and surroundings is known as the control surface or system boundary. The control surface
Text from page-3
may be movable or fixed. Everything beyond the system is the surroundings. A system of fixed mass is referred to as a closed system. When there is flow of mass through the control surface, the system is called an open system. An isolated system is a closed system that does not interact in any way with its surroundings. Internal Energy: The Internal Energy (U) of a system is the total energy content of the system. It is the sum of the kinetic, potential, chemical, electrical, and all other forms of energy possessed by the atoms and molecules of the system. The Internal Energy (U) is path independent and depends only on temperature for an ideal gas. Internal energy may be stored in the system in following forms: Kinetic energy of molecules Molecular vibrations and rotations Chemical bonds that can be released during chemical reaction Potential energy of the constituents of the system Enthalpy: the sum of the i nternal energy and the product of the pressure and volume of a t hermodynamic system. Enthalpy is an energy-like property or state function—it has the dimensions of energy (and is thus measured in units of j oules or e rgs), and its value is determined entirely by the temperature, p ressure, and c omposition of the system and not by its history. In symbols, the enthalpy, H , equals the sum of the internal energy, E , and the product of the pressure, P , and volume, V, of the system: H =E +P V. The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics The zeroth law is incredibly important as it allows us to define the concept of a temperature scale. If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
Text from page-4
Systems and surroundings Thermodynamics in biology refers to the study of energy transfers that occur in molecules or collections of molecules. When we are discussing thermodynamics, the particular item or collection of items that we’re interested in (which could be something as small as a cell, or as large as an ecosystem) is called the s ystem, while everything that's not included in the system we’ve defined is called the surroundings.
Leave your Comments