Note for Internet of Things - IOT by Akash Sharma
- Internet of Things - IOT
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Internet of Things
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Contents Week 1 – Module One: Introduction IoT and the Connected World (Sanjay Sarma)................................................................... 3 Week 2 – Module Two: Architectures The Architecture of IoT (Sanjay Sarma)...........................................................................14 The Web of Things (Tim Berners-Lee)............................................................................ 28 Lessons from the Internet (David Clark).......................................................................... 41 RFID Deep Dive (Sanjay Sarma)..................................................................................... 67 Week 3 – Module Three: Technologies Network Connectivity for IoT (Hari Balakrishnan)......................................................... 81 Data Processing and Storage (Sam Madden).................................................................. 108 Localization (Daniela Rus)............................................................................................. 137 Security in IoT (Srini Devadas) ..................................................................................... 154 HCI in an IoT World (Jim Glass)................................................................................... 173 Robots and Autonomous Vehicles (John Leonard)........................................................ 197 Week 4 – Module Four: Applications Beyond IoT – Ubiquitous Sensing and Human Experience (Joe Paradiso).................... 227 Wireless Technologies for Indoor Localization, Smart Homes, and Smart Health (Dina Katabi).................................................................................................................. 263 Smart Cities (Carlo Ratti) .............................................................................................. 282 Week 5 – Module Five: Conclusion Roadmap of IoT (Sanjay Sarma).................................................................................... 301 2
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Week - 1 Module One: Introduction IoT and the Connected World (Sanjay Sarma): Video 1 Part 1 Hello, and welcome to Internet of Things X. My name is Sanjay Sarma. I'm a professor of mechanical engineering at MIT, and I am the director of this course. We're very happy to kick off this course. Very exciting for us. Lots to talk about. So, let's get right into it. So, why do we think of the Internet of Things, and what is it? And what I'm going to do is just kick things off by giving you a framework. And then, over time, we'll get into more depth. This first segment will also give you a sense of what the course will look like. And it's sort of a high-level business and technical view of the Internet of Things. So, what is the Internet of Things? The fact of the matter is that, regardless of which industry you're in today, you've probably heard of Nest, which is a startup that was created by a bunch of Apple alums. And it became a big deal recently when, in 2014, Nest was acquired for $3.2 billion by Google. And everyone stood up and said, whoa, a thermostat which is connected to the Internet? People actually buy it? And Google acquires it for $3.2 billion? Why? And I'm going to try and explain to you why this is the case. But one philosophical way to think about this is that, today, human beings generate a lot of data. But devices will generate data in the very near future, as we live in a world where the world sort of adapts to us and makes our lives easier. That is information as well, and Google wants to be in that space, as do a lot of companies. And this is the story of the Internet of Things. If that wasn't big enough, here's a piece of news that a lot of people missed. You know, recently there have been a lot of recalls in the auto market-- Tesla, GM, et cetera have all had issues where they need to fix a car. Well, guess what Tesla did? Tesla was able to fix one of the issues with a straight over-the-air software fix. Why? Because Tesla cars are connected to the Internet. So, the opportunity with this technology is enormous. And I will try and explain, try and convince you that, although there are challenges and there are issues, that to ignore this opportunity is not an option anymore. Now, any option, any situation like this, there are consulting firms or companies that will do analyses to figure out how big this opportunity is. And, frankly, the numbers surrounding the Internet of Things are staggering. And, even if you take a couple of zeroes off the end, you have to sit up and take notice. So, for example, in 2015, just this year, there were probably about 10 billion connected things. There were about $2 billion of services generated by the Internet of Things. But, if you look even five years from now, ABI predicts one quarter of a million connected cars. IDC expects about $7 billion for IoT services alone. And Gartner expects something like $300 billion from IoT products.
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And you might say, well, that's a lot! But, think about it. If Samsung decides to connect every dishwasher to the Internet so that, instead of the dishwasher breaking down and then you getting upset, the dishwasher could tell Central that there's a problem. And the repair personnel, as they drive by your house, can say, hey, listen, I think I can preempt a problem. It would save Samsung money and save you money. So, all of these devices will get recruited into this industry. And that's sort of what Gartner's talking about. IDC says that, by 2020, the global IoT market will be $7.1 million. And ABI talks about 40 billion connected devices by 2020. Now, we're still talking about billions. But the number trillion starts making an appearance when we look 15, 20 years out. GE expects that, by 2035, IoT will have added $10 to $15 trillion dollars to the GDP. Cisco, not to be left behind, ups that number to $19 trillion dollars. And ABI claims that, by 2035, there will be 450 million IoT-enabled cars. And these are staggering numbers. 4
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