Note for Web Technologies - WT By New Swaroop
- Web Technologies - WT
- Note
- University of mysore - Gangotri
- Computer Science Engineering
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4 Introduction to HTML 4.1 INTRODUCTION HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is used to create document on the World Wide Web. It is simply a collection of certain key words called ‘Tags’ that are helpful in writing the document to be displayed using a browser on Internet. It is a platform independent language that can be used on any platform such as Windows, Linux, Macintosh, and so on. To display a document in web it is essential to mark-up the different elements (headings, paragraphs, tables, and so on) of the document with the HTML tags. To view a mark-up document, user has to open the document in a browser. A browser understands and interpret the HTML tags, identifies the structure of the document (which part are which) and makes decision about presentation (how the parts look) of the document. HTML also provides tags to make the document look attractive using graphics, font size and colors. User can make a link to the other document or the different section of the same document by creating Hypertext Links also known as Hyperlinks. 4.2 OBJECTIVES After going through this lesson, you would be able to :
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72 :: Certificate in Web Designing l create, save and view a HTML document l format a web page using section heading tags l describe Ordered and Unordered lists l explain graphics in HTML document l describe hypertext links and making text/image links 4.3 CREATING, SAVING AND VIEWING A HTML DOCUMENT 4.3.1 Creating a HTML document The essential tags that are required to create a HTML document are: l l <HTML>.............</HTML> l <HEAD>.............</HEAD> l <BODY>.............</BODY> Starting Tag HTML Tag <HTML> The <HTML> tag encloses all other HTML tags and associated text within your document. It is an optional tag. You can create an HTML document that omits these tags, and your browser can still read it and display it. But it is always a good form to include the start and stop tags. The format is: <HTML> Your Title and Document (contains text with HTML tags) goes here </HTML> Most HTML tags have two parts, an opening tag and closing tag. The closing tag is the same as the opening tag, except for the slash
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Introduction to HTML:: 73 mark e.g </HTML>. The slash mark is always used in closing tags. An HTML document has two distinct parts HEAD and BODY. The Format is: <HTML> <HEAD> ............. ............. ............. </HEAD> <BODY> ............. ............. ............. Closing Opening </BODY> Tag Tag </HTML> l HEAD Tag <HEAD> HEAD tag comes after the HTML start tag. It contains TITLE tag to give the document a title that displays on the browsers title bar at the top. The Format is: <HEAD> <TITLE> Your title goes here </TITLE> </HEAD>
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74 :: Certificate in Web Designing l BODY Tag <BODY> The BODY tag contains all the text and graphics of the document with all the HTML tags that are used for control and formatting of the page. The Format is: <BODY> Your Document goes here </BODY> An HTML document, web page can be created using a text editor, Notepad or WordPad. All the HTML documents should have the extension .htm or .html. It require a web browser like Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator/Communicator to view the document. Example: It is my first web page Follow the steps to create and view in browser: Step-1: Open text editor Notepad (click on Start→ All Programs→ Accessories→Notepad) Step-2: Enter the following lines of code: <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> My first Page </TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> WELCOME TO MY FIRST WEB PAGE </BODY> </HTML>
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